The term "mind" in Indian spirituality is often denoted as "Manas" or "Chitta." This understanding transcends the conventional psychological or cognitive concept, offering a broader and more profound perspective. The mind is a complex and dynamic facet of the inner instrument, influencing consciousness, perception, and the journey towards spiritual realization.
In all the Indian spiritual traditions, the mind is recognized as one of the inner instruments (Antahkarana), playing a pivotal role in an individual's quest for self-realization and spiritual growth.
The mind is a component of the Antahkarana, which comprises the mind (Manas), intellect (Buddhi), ego (Ahamkara), and memory (Chitta). Together, these form the inner faculties that shape perception, understanding, and decision-making.
Chitta a part of the Antahkarana, serves as the repository of memories and impressions. It stores past experiences, emotions, and imprints that mould an individual's responses and actions. These Samskaras influence current thoughts, behaviour and predispositions.
Manas is the thinking aspect of the mind responsible for thoughts and mental activities. It is the part of the mind engaged in processing information and generating ideas. The mind is synonymous with the flow of thoughts, and its nature is determined by the nature of thoughts. Thoughts naturally flow outward through the sense organs, likened to a charioteer with the sense organs as five horses pulling the chariot. The nature of the mind, like a river identified by its water quality, refers to the nature of thoughts. As the saying goes, "as the thoughts, so the mind; as the mind, so the man."
Thoughts possess three distinct characteristics: